... in response to What are Blood Types 1, 2 and 3?, posted by Scaught on Sep 14, 2002A blood group or blood type is based on the presence or absence of two proteins (A, B) on the surface of red blood cells. Because two proteins are involved, there are four possible combinations or blood types (ABO groups):
Type A - Only the A protein is present.
Type B - Only the B protein is present.
Type AB - Both proteins are present.
Type O - Neither protein is present (about 40 percent of the population).
In addition to the A and B proteins, there is another protein involved called the Rh factor (Rh for Rhesus monkey, where it was first identified). The Rh factor is either present (+) or absent (-). Therefore, blood types are described as the type and Rh factor (such as O+ , A+, AB-).